python - Mongo push to array inside array

Question

im new with mongo and so far have no issue using it. Until i stuck at this. I need to push a document to an array inside an array. Can refer to json below.

{
    'user_id':'{1231mjnD-32JIjn-3213}',
    'name':'John',
    'campaigns':
        [
            {
                'campaign_id':3221,
                'start_date':'12-01-2012',
                'messages':
                    [
                        {
                            'message_id':211134,
                            'email':'john@gmail.com'
                        }
                    ]
            },
            {
                'campaign_id':3222,
                'start_date':'13-01-2012',
                'messages':
                    [
                        {
                            'message_id':315521,
                            'email':'john@gmail.com'
                        }
                    ]
            }
        ]
}

I want to push one document to an array of messages in a campaigns array(regardless ordering). Meaning that, i need to append new document to an array of messages. And all those messages is from inside another array or campaigns per user. Im using python so my code will be like this.

query = {"user_id" : "{1231mjnD-32JIjn-3213}", "campaigns.campaign_id": 3221}
message = {"message_id":4213122, "email":"john@gmail.com"}
op = {"$push" : {"campaigns.messages":message}}
mongo.TestDatabase.members.update(query, op)

There is no error upon execution. But the document seems to have no changes(no update made). What am i doing wrong here?

Answer 1

Having arrays inside arrays is almost always a bad idea for a number of reasons. I'd put the campaigns in a dedicated collection so they become top level documents.

That said, you can push to a message array of a specific campaign through :

db.members.update(
    {"user_id" : "{1231mjnD-32JIjn-3213}", "campaigns.campaign_id": 3221},
    {$push:{"campaigns.$.messages":{"message_id":4213122, "email":"john@gmail.com"}}}
)