python - argparse choices structure of allowed values

Question

Using argparse in relation to Python dependencies between groups using argparse, I have an argument part of some parser group of a parser - for example:

group_simulate.add_argument('-P',
                            help='simulate FC port down',
                            nargs=1,
                            metavar='fc_port_name',
                            dest='simulate')

How it's possible to use the choices to limit the choices to a list of parameters of the next structure:

1:m:"number between 1 and 10":p:"number between 1 and 4"

I have tried to use the range option but I couldn't find a way to create a list of choices that are acceptable

examples: legal parameters:

test.py -P 1:m:4:p:2

not legal parameters:

test.py -P 1:p:2
test.py -P abvds

Thank you very much for the help guys!

Answer 1

You can define a custom type that will raise an argparse.ArgumentTypeError if the string doesn't match the format you need.

def SpecialString(v):
    fields = v.split(":")
    # Raise a value error for any part of the string
    # that doesn't match your specification. Make as many
    # checks as you need. I've only included a couple here
    # as examples.
    if len(fields) != 5:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("String must have 5 fields")
    elif not (1 <= int(fields[2]) <= 10):
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("Field 3 must be between 1 and 10, inclusive")
    else:
        # If all the checks pass, just return the string as is
        return v

group_simulate.add_argument('-P',
                        type=SpecialString,
                        help='simulate FC port down',
                        nargs=1,
                        metavar='fc_port_name',
                        dest='simulate')

UPDATE: here's a full custom type to check the value. All checking is done in the regular expression, although it only gives one generic error message if any part is wrong.

def SpecialString(v):
    import re  # Unless you've already imported re previously
    try:
        return re.match("^1:m:([1-9]|10):p:(1|2|3|4)$", v).group(0)
    except:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("String '%s' does not match required format"%(v,))