c# - auto create database in Entity Framework Core

Question

My application which is being ported to .NET core will use the new EF Core with SQLite. I want to automatically create the database and table structures when the app is first run. According to the EF core documentation this is done using manual commands

dotnet ef migrations add MyFirstMigration

dotnet ef database update

However I don't want the end user to enter these commands and would prefer to have the app create and setup the database for first use. For EF 6 there is functionality like

Database.SetInitializer(new CreateDatabaseIfNotExists<MyContext>());

But in EF Core these don't seem to exist. I can't find any examples or documentation on something equivalent for EF core and it is not mentioned in the list of missing features in the EF core documentation. I have the model classes setup already so I could write some code to initialize the database based on the models but it would be heaps easier if the framework did this automatically. I don't want to auto build the model or migrate, just create the table structures on a new database.

Am I missing something here or is auto create table function missing in EF core?

Answer 1

If you have created the migrations, you could execute them in the Startup.cs as follows.

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
 {
      using (var serviceScope = app.ApplicationServices.GetService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope())
      {
            var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ApplicationDbContext>();
            context.Database.Migrate();
      }
      
      ...

This will create the database and the tables using your added migrations.

If you're not using Entity Framework Migrations, and instead just need your DbContext model created exactly as it is in your context class at first run, then you can use:

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
 {
      using (var serviceScope = app.ApplicationServices.GetService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope())
      {
            var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ApplicationDbContext>();
            context.Database.EnsureCreated();
      }
      
      ...

Instead.

If you need to delete your database prior to making sure it's created, call:

            context.Database.EnsureDeleted();

Just before you call EnsureCreated()

Adapted from: http://docs.identityserver.io/en/latest/quickstarts/7_entity_framework.html?highlight=entity