Use the environment variable ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT to select the port.
The following works under bash:
$ export ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT=12345
$ adb start-server
* daemon not running. starting it now on port 12345 *
* daemon started successfully *
$ adb devices
List of devices attached
TA2070M5O6 device
$ ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT=6789 adb devices
* daemon not running. starting it now on port 6789 *
* daemon started successfully *
List of devices attached
In another terminal I ran:
$ ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT=6789 emulator ...
Back to original terminal:
$ ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT=6789 adb devices
List of devices attached
emulator-5554 device
$ adb devices # ANDROID_ADB_SERVER_PORT was exported as 12345
List of devices attached
TA2070M5O6 device
I found this via the Jenkins Android Emulator Plugin as I noticed it was running adb on a different port.
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