functional programming - Cross product in Scala

Question

I want to have a binary operator cross (cross-product/cartesian product) that operates with traversables in Scala:

val x = Seq(1, 2)
val y = List('hello', 'world', 'bye')
val z = x cross y    # i can chain as many traversables e.g. x cross y cross w etc

assert z == ((1, 'hello'), (1, 'world'), (1, 'bye'), (2, 'hello'), (2, 'world'), (2, 'bye'))

What is the best way to do this in Scala only (i.e. not using something like scalaz)?

Answer 1

You can do this pretty straightforwardly with an implicit class and a for-comprehension in Scala 2.10:

implicit class Crossable[X](xs: Traversable[X]) {
  def cross[Y](ys: Traversable[Y]) = for { x <- xs; y <- ys } yield (x, y)
}

val xs = Seq(1, 2)
val ys = List("hello", "world", "bye")

And now:

scala> xs cross ys
res0: Traversable[(Int, String)] = List((1,hello), (1,world), ...

This is possible before 2.10—just not quite as concise, since you'd need to define both the class and an implicit conversion method.

You can also write this:

scala> xs cross ys cross List('a, 'b)
res2: Traversable[((Int, String), Symbol)] = List(((1,hello),'a), ...

If you want xs cross ys cross zs to return a Tuple3, however, you'll need either a lot of boilerplate or a library like Shapeless.