python - Swapping the dimensions of a numpy array

Question

I would like to do the following:

for i in dimension1:
  for j in dimension2:
    for k in dimension3:
      for l in dimension4:
        B[k,l,i,j] = A[i,j,k,l]

without the use of loops. In the end both A and B contain the same information but indexed differently.

I must point out that the dimension 1,2,3 and 4 can be the same or different. So a numpy.reshape() seems difficult.

Answer 1

The canonical way of doing this in numpy would be to use np.transpose's optional permutation argument. In your case, to go from ijkl to klij, the permutation is (2, 3, 0, 1), e.g.:

In [16]: a = np.empty((2, 3, 4, 5))

In [17]: b = np.transpose(a, (2, 3, 0, 1))

In [18]: b.shape
Out[18]: (4, 5, 2, 3)