python - Can I generate and show a different image during each loop with Matplotlib?

Question

I am new to Matplotlib and Python. I mostly use Matlab. Currently, I am working with a Python code where I want to run a loop. In each loop, I will do some data processing and then show an image based on the processed data. When I go to the next loop, I want the previously stored image to be closed and generate a new image based on the latest data.

In other words, I want a python code equivalent to the following Matlab code:

x = [1 2 3];

for loop = 1:3

    close all;

    y = loop * x;

    figure(1);

    plot(x,y)

    pause(2)

end

I tried the following python code to achieve my goal:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.lib as plt

from array import array
from time import sleep

if __name__ == '__main__':

    x = [1, 2, 3]

    for loop in range(0,3):

        y = numpy.dot(x,loop)

        plt.plot(x,y)

       plt.waitforbuttonpress

    plt.show()

This code puts all plots superimposed in the same figure. If I put the plt.show() command inside the for loop, only the first image is shown. Therefore, I could not replicate my Matlab code in Python.

Answer 1

try this:

import numpy
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

if __name__ == '__main__':
    x = [1, 2, 3]
    plt.ion() # turn on interactive mode
    for loop in range(0,3):
        y = numpy.dot(x, loop)
        plt.figure()
        plt.plot(x,y)
        plt.show()
        _ = input("Press [enter] to continue.")

if you want to close the previous plot, before showing the next one:

import numpy
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
if __name__ == '__main__':
    x = [1, 2, 3]
    plt.ion() # turn on interactive mode, non-blocking `show`
    for loop in range(0,3):
        y = numpy.dot(x, loop)
        plt.figure()   # create a new figure
        plt.plot(x,y)  # plot the figure
        plt.show()     # show the figure, non-blocking
        _ = input("Press [enter] to continue.") # wait for input from the user
        plt.close()    # close the figure to show the next one.

plt.ion() turns on interactive mode making plt.show non-blocking.

and heres is a duplicate of your matlab code:

import numpy
import time
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

if __name__ == '__main__':
    x = [1, 2, 3]
    plt.ion()
    for loop in xrange(1, 4):
        y = numpy.dot(loop, x)
        plt.close()
        plt.figure()
        plt.plot(x,y)
        plt.draw()
        time.sleep(2)